ACADSTAFF UGM
| Title | : | Durability of protection of ancestral-strain COVID-19 third- and fourth-dose vaccine boosters against Omicron XBB/XBB.1 and JN.1 symptomatic infection, hospitalisation and mortality in Indonesian adults (2023–2024): a test-negative case–control study |
| Author | : |
Bayu Satria Wiratama, M.P.H., Ph.D (1) dr. Vicka Oktaria, M.P.H., Ph.D (2) Khoriah Indrihutami (3) dr. Muhammad Hardhantyo Puspo Wardoyo, MPH, Ph.D, FRSPH (4) dr. Ahmad Watsiq Maula, MPH (5) Dr. dr. Hanevi Djasri, MARS. FISQua (6) Rizka Dinari, S.Gz., MPH (7) M. Syairaji, S.K.M., M.P.H. (8) suwarti (9) ariel pradipta (10) Dwi utomo nusantara (11) Ardiana kusumaningrum (12) Andrew (13) Marillyn Mariana Tamburia (14) Ilma Saefira Baehaqi (15) Rebecca Merrill (16) Henry Surendra (17) fetty wijayanti (18) Benjamin A. Dahl (19) Raph L. Hamers (20) |
| Date | : | 1 2025 |
| Keyword | : | COVID-19,Test negative design,Case control,SARS-CoV-2 Omicron subvariants,Vaccine booster COVID-19,Test negative design,Case control,SARS-CoV-2 Omicron subvariants,Vaccine booster |
| Abstract | : | Background SARS-CoV-2 ancestral-strain vaccines have effectively reduced SARS-CoV-2-related severe illness and death worldwide. However, waning immunity over time has warranted revaccination to boost immunity. Indonesia, like most low- and middle-income countries, has not provided regular vaccine boosters post-pandemic. This study assessed the longer-term durability of protection from ancestral-strain third- and fourth-dose boosters. Methods We conducted a test-negative case–control study among symptomatic adults seeking SARS-CoV-2 testing at 14 purposely selected test sites in the major cities of Yogyakarta and Jakarta (March 2023–May 2024). Test-positive individuals were cases and test-negative individuals were controls. SARS-CoV-2 variants were identified using whole genome sequencing. We used multivariable logistic regression to estimate absolute or incremental vaccine effectiveness (VE) against symptomatic infection and COVID-19-related hospitalisation or death, adjusted for main confounders. Findings Of 2439 participants (median age 35 years, 56.2?male), 388 were cases and 2051 controls. Vaccination with two primary doses, a third-dose or fourth-dose booster did not provide sustained protection against Omicron XBB/JN.1 symptomatic infection up to median 27, 20 or 13 months since administration, respectively. However, there was sustained incremental protection from the third-dose booster (administered median 20 month prior) against hospitalisation (VE 38.3% [95% CI 3.9–60.3]) and death (55.2% [17.7–75.6]) for older individuals (aged >50 years), and against death (55.2% [12.8–76.9]) for individuals with one or more comorbidities. There was also sustained incremental protection from the fourth-dose booster (administered median 13 months prior) against hospitalisation for older individuals (50.2% [10.3–72.3]) and individuals with one or more comorbidities (74.4% [49.2–87.1]). Interpretation Ancestral-strain vaccine boosters provided durable, moderate protection against severe or fatal outcomes from Omicron XBB/JN.1 infection for older and comorbid individuals. The findings highlight the benefits of improving access to revaccination for vulnerable groups in Indonesia. |
| Group of Knowledge | : | Epidemiologi |
| Original Language | : | English |
| Level | : | Internasional |
| Status | : |
Published
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